所谓世事无常，新闻报称，在西南大旱中，大量牧草和植被枯死，但外来恶性杂草紫茎泽兰却活了下来，大旱后趁机攻占荒坡、农田和沟渠，继续在西南地区扩散蔓延。据四川省草原工作总站监测，全省紫茎泽兰发生面积有1500万亩，严重危害740万亩，在部分地区酿成生态灾难。为有效遏制紫茎泽兰扩散蔓延，农业部启动了2010年度紫茎泽兰综合防治行动。
四川省草原工作总站监测，全省紫茎泽兰发生面积有1500万亩，严重危害740万亩，呈扩散趋势。紫茎泽兰主要分布在凉山、攀枝花、雅安、宜宾、泸州、乐山、甘孜等7个市州约43个区县。其中，90%以上分布在凉山和攀枝花市，发生面积分别为938.5万亩和541.9万亩。凉山和攀枝花市干热河谷地带紫茎泽兰已成泛滥之势，治理非常困难。据统计，平均每亩地损失牧草262公斤，全省年损失牧草约34.5亿公斤。
据悉，20世纪三四十年代，紫茎泽兰从缅甸传入我国。目前广泛分布在四川南部地区，沿着长江、金沙江、大渡河、雅砻江、安宁河等江河和成昆铁路、108国道等道路，向北、向东快速蔓延到雅安、乐山、泸州、宜宾等市，对成都平原及长江中上游地区生态安全构成严重威胁，并通过长江水道向重庆市、三峡库区和长江中下游地区扩散。
在西昌市裕隆乡，有一家工厂专门收购紫茎泽兰，用来加工草粉、草颗粒、饲料、液体有机肥料等物质。这条“变害为宝”生产线由中国农科院植保所牵头，西昌泽兰生物科技有限公司建设。然而，当地人反映“去年看到他们在收购，现在有好几个月没有收购了”。
泽兰生物公司副总经理闫勇说，不是公司不愿意收，公司正为缺原材料发愁，设备开机率非常低。一边是满山遍野的紫茎泽兰，一边是加工紫茎泽兰的生产线缺原料，这让人费解。闫勇说，他们动员当地农户割紫茎泽兰，公司以鲜草80元/吨的价格收购。一般来说，一个人一天割半吨草没问题。
紫茎泽兰被割下后，需要晾晒三天才能加工。这期间如果被雨水淋湿，几个小时就会烂掉。但进入雨季后，差不多一个月不见晴天，没有人愿意割紫茎泽兰。
四川省草原工作总站试验了用特定农药杀灭成片紫茎泽兰后，再人工种植优质牧草。1~3年，可以改善当地生态。但一亩地要投入200元，所需投入资金非常庞大。
日前农业部启动了2010年度紫茎泽兰综合防治行动。中国农业科学院植物保护研究所组织了公益性行业科研专项———“恶性外来入侵植物紫茎泽兰防控及利用技术研究与示范”，项目组成员赴西南地区进行调研。
据了解，农业部将在贵州、云南、四川、广西、重庆等紫茎泽兰危害严重的省(市、区)，联合开展紫茎泽兰灭毒除害行动，组织当地农业部门推广应用综合防治技术，建立紫茎泽兰综合防治示范区，在交通干道和河流等传播通道的潜在发生区域建立阻截带，防止紫茎泽兰进一步扩散蔓延。
什么是紫茎泽兰：
紫茎泽兰原产于中美洲，是一种有毒植物，每株紫茎泽兰可产70万粒种子，因此繁殖速度惊人。紫茎泽兰入侵一个地区，就绞杀本土植物，对生物多样性和生态系统构成严重威胁。紫茎泽兰还会造成马属动物的哮喘病，牛羊误食其茎叶会中毒，甚至死亡。其有毒有害成分，还能使人头晕、发痒、手脚溃烂等。
来源：整理
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